Category: Veterinary Care

List of dairy cattle breeds (new) I Mshindo media

Mshindo Media

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.Dairy cattle are those primarily raised for their milk as part of dairy farming. Breed Country of Origin Output per Day Other Gallons Litres Ayrshire cattle Scotland 5 19 Can be used for foraging Brown Swiss Switzerland 8 30 Second largest amount of milk produced of any dairy cattle breed. Buša cattle Croatia 1 3.8 Canadienne cattle Canada 2.7 10.4 Very rare breed. Dairy Shorthorn England 7.6 29 Also called the milking shorthorn. Dexter cattle Ireland 2 7.5 Very small in size. Used in domestic farms. Guernsey…

Poultry Management and Care (new) I Mshindo Media

Mshindo Media

Poultry Guide1. Select your Poultry Niche The poultry industry is a broad niche. There are many sub-sectors in the poultry industry which you can tap into. When poultry farming is mentioned, a lot of people take that to mean chicken rearing or turkey rearing alone but poultry farming is a very wide business with different aspects. Below are niches in the poultry business: Egg production (Layers breeding)Meat production (Broilers breeding)Chicken breeding (Hatchery)Poultry feed productionPoultry equipment manufacturingEgg and meat processing, packaging and marketingPoultry marketing and consultancy So, you see that poultry…

TREATING MASTITIS WITHOUT ANTIBIOTICS (new) I Mshindo media

Mshindo Media

How long does it take for a cow’s udder to dry up?The average gestation period of cows varies from 275 to 283 days. To determine the drying-up date, subtract 60 days from the expected calving date. If you stop milking a cow, it will dry up. A cow with a high milk production of 20kg or more must be milked once a day during the last two to three days before drying up Mastitis is inflammation and infection of the udder. This is primarily a problem in dairy cows but can also occur in beef cows. Depending upon the infectious organism…

How to successfully prevent udder infections after drying off I Mshindo media

Mshindo Media

Dry Cow Therapy If you have found that you would say yes to any of these three questions, it would be worth you reviewing the steps of your dry cow management and making the relevant changes. Recent research has found the link between infection during the dry cow period and subsequent clinical mastitis and elevated somatic cell counts (SCC) in early lactation. We have created a list of 10 steps that will help you make the necessary changes to your dry cow management process Assessing body condition score Aim for…

Infectious bronchitis (new)

Mshindo Media

Infectious bronchitis  Is a highly contagious viral respiratory infection of chickens, however the virus will also infect the urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts. The clinical signs of infectious bronchitis are non-specific and so laboratory tests are required to confirm diagnosis. Clinical signs are strongly dependent on the tropism (preferred tissue to infect) of the strain, but commonly include include coughing, sneezing and gasping in young birds, loss of appetite and wet litter. Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly contagious, viral respiratory disease of chickens, characterized by tracheal rales, coughing, and sneezing. In addition,…

Infectious Coryza (new)

Mshindo Media

Infectious coryza is a serious bacterial disease of chickens which affects respiratory system and it is manifested by inflammation of the area below the eye, nasal discharge and sneezing. The disease is found all over the world causing high economic losses. Take note: Infections Coryza is usually acute and sometimes chronic, highly infectious disease of chickens, occasionally pheasants and guinea-fowl. Infectious Coryza is characterised by catarrhal inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, especially nasal and sinus mucosae. Infectious Coryza is caused by the bacterium Haemophilus paragallinarum and is seen in many countries…

RAISING A DISEASE-FREE POULTRY FARM (new) I Mshindo Media

Mshindo Media

The cheapest and most-effective method of disease control  is through implementing *biosecurity*.  *Bio security* ensures that the health and well being of your birds are protected hence improving the immunity and performance of your flock. *Bio security* is a management practice designed to prevent entry of diseases into a farm, and limit spread. It is an essential element to a good animal husbandry process. It is important that every poultry farmer checks if their bio security plans are strong enough to keep out diseases. Infectious diseases are introduced on farms through:…

Antibiotics for Treatment of Clinical Mastitis I Mshindo Media

Mshindo Media

The Use of Antibiotics for Treatment of Clinical Mastitis Introduction Mastitis is the most common disease of dairy cows and the most common reason that cows are treated with antibiotics . Mastitis is a bacterial infection of the udder which causes inflammation (host defenses responding to the infection).  What Types of Bacteria Cause Clinical Mastitis? What Should We Consider before Treating Mastitis? Dairy farmers should work closely with their herd veterinarian to help develop treatment protocols, provide oversight for appropriate drug use, and monitor the success of treatment.Intramammary antibiotic tubes…

Aina za Kuku na faida zake (new) – Mshindo Media.

Mshindo Media

Understand this first, Mshindo Media is around your Project The chicken is a type of domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the red junglefowl. They are one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, with a total population of 23.7 billion as of 2018, up from more than 19 billion in 2011. There are more chickens in the world than any other bird or domesticated fowl. Lifespan: 5 – 10 yearsScientific name: Gallus gallus domesticus Order: Landfowl Higher classification: Red junglefowlPhylum: ChordataMass: Sebright chicken: 620 g, Booted Bantam: 850 g, Ermellinata di Rovigo: 3.4 – 3.9 kg AINA ZA KUKU. *KUKU…

Viral Infections/Gumboro (Infectious Bursar Disease) I Mshindo Media.

Mshindo Media

 (Infectious Bursar Disease) Ni ugonjwa unaosababishwa na virusi ambao hushambulia zaidi kuku, bata maji na bata mzinga. Kuku na batawadogo hadi wiki 12 ndio wanaoathirika zaidi. Jinsi Ugonjwa Unavyoenea.•Chanzo cha maambukizi ni maji, chakula na vifaa/vyombo vya shambani vilivyochafuliwa na kinyesi chakuku wagonjwa na wenye vimelea.•Maambukizi pia huenea kupitia mfumo wa hewa, kwa vumbi lenye vimelea katika mabanda. Chukua Tahadhari.Wageni, wafanyakazi na magari yanaweza kusambaza ugonjwa kutoka shambahadi shamba au banda hadi banda. Hii ni pamoja na kuku hai, vifaa/vyombo vya shambani na bidhaazitokanazo na kuku (mayai, nyama, manyoya na…

Poultry Feed formulation (new) I Mshindo media

Mshindo Media

HOW TO FORMULATE YOUR OWN CHICKEN FEEDThe common ingredients are whole maize, maize germ, cotton seed cake, soya beans, sunflower or fish meal (Omena).In addition, farmers need to add several feed additives (micronutrients, minerals and vitamins) to make ensure their chicken have a balanced feed that meets their daily nutrient requirements. Material is available cheaply, especially after the harvesting season. Depending on the cost of raw material, farmers who make their own feeds at home save between 30 to 50 per cent for every 70kg bag of chicken feed, depending…

How mushroom cures poultry diseases (new)

Mshindo Media

Wild mushroom cure for poultry diseasesChicken is one of the most commonly done projects with different people,ncluding farmers and pastors, and those who do other activities. One of the challenges that have been faced with regular talk is the disease that affects chickens, without the breeders aware of what to do. There are various ways to treat chickens, including natural and non-native. One of the most natural remedies for chicken is by using a famous wild carpet like Aloe Vera. The plant that you have been treating with treating various…

Animal Structures and their Functions (new)

Mshindo Media

Introduction: Bones meet each  other at joints or articulations.  Some of these articulations unite the bones firmly while others allow movement.  Bones are united by the following: a)      dense connective tissues forming fibrous joints e.g. radius and ulna; b)   a cartilage forming cartilaginous joints e.g. between sternebrae, pelvic symphysis or the mandibles; c)    a fluid-filled cavity intervenes between the bones forming synovial joints.a  +  b  are relatively immovable and are termed synarthroses while  ( c )  is freely moveable and is termed diarthrosis. FIBROUS  JOINTS 1.       Syndesmosis – the uniting material is connective tissue and if it is extensive as between radius and ulna it is called interosseous membrane. 2.       Suture – special type of…

Four types of dairy cattle breeds and its nature

Mshindo Media

The 4 most common cattle dairy breeds Thinking of starting a dairy farm? One of the things in your mind is probably which breed of dairy cattle to keep.The following are the most common breeds of dairy cows Friesian Originated from Europe. It is white and black.Can also be red and white in colour. Low butter/ fat content.High milk production.Meat production is also high.Average live weight is 600kg. Source:www.animalscience.careGuernsey Bred on the channel island of Guernsey. Brown in colour. Milk production is moderate. High butterfat content of 5%.Cow weighs 400-500kg.High-protein content in milk. Source:www.animalscience.careAyrshireOriginated…

List of notifiable disease over the world

Mshindo Media

LIST OF NOTIFIABLE LIVESTOCK DISEASES OF TANZANIA MAINLAND LIST A LIST B LIST  C Foot and mouth (FMD) Anthrax (A) Blackleg Vesicular stomatitis (VS) Heart water Tetanus Rinderpest(RP) Rabies (R) Internal salmonelossis PPR Anaplasmosis Coccidiosis CBPP Bovine babesiosis BVD/MD Lump skin disease (LSD) Bovine brucellosis Enterotoxaemia Rift valley fever (RVF) Bovine tuberculosis Swine erysipelas Blue tongue (BT) Dermatophylosis Infectious coryaza Sheep and goat pox(S&G P) Haemorhagic septicemia Avian encephalitis African horse sickness(AHS) Theilerosis Avian salmonelossis African swine fever(ASF) Trypanosomiasis Avian leucosis Newcastle disease(NC) Bovine malignant catarrh CCPP Scrape Fowl pox(FP) Gumboro(G)…

Dairy Cattle Breeds & management (new) I Mshindo media

Mshindo Media

Cow comfort and its effects on milk productionCertain behaviors such as eating, rumination, and lying down can be related to the health of the cow and cow comfort. These behaviors can also be related to the productivity of the cows. Likewise, stress, disease, and discomfort will have a negative effect on the productivity of the dairy cows. Therefore, it can be said that it is in the best interest of the farmer to increase eating, rumination, and lying down and decrease stress, disease, and discomfort to achieve the maximum productivity…

Enzyme | Definition, Composition, & Action (new)

Mshindo Media

Enzymes are proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies,They build some substances and break others down. All living things have enzymes. Our bodies naturally produce enzymes. But enzymes are also in manufactured products and food. An enzyme is a biological catalyst and is almost always a protein. It speeds up the rate of a specific chemical reaction in the cell Several types of enzymes are commonly used in poultry feeding programmes, either individually or in combination. Each enzyme has a specific role in feed digestion: Enzymes Composition…

Abortion and Stillbirth (new)

Mshindo Media

Introduction A very common cause of abortion is Brucellosis, which can also infect humans. Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by the Brucella bacteria. There are many other infectious abortions. But most labs in the country/region routinely only diagnose few causes of abortion other than Brucella (e.g. caused by bacteria or parasites such as Campylobacter, Trichomonas). However, close observation and submitting a full history together with the samples will help alert the lab on the possible involvement of other abortion agents (e.g. Rift Valley Fever). An abortion is referred to as an elective or voluntary abortion…