Category: Animal Health

Dog castration ,procedures and its Care (new) I Mshindo Media

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Dog castration ,procedures and its Care Castrating or neutering a male dog is an operation requiring a general anaesthetic.Both testicles are removed. As with all operations, the advantages and disadvantages should be considered carefully before deciding. Your own vet is the best person to advise you about your particular dog, but the following general advice may also help.The main advantages of castrating a male dog are The main disadvantages of having your dog castrated are the risks associated with any general anaesthetic and any operation, but these are very small…

Animal disease | Definition, Types, Diagnosis, & Facts (new)

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Animal disease, an impairment of the normal state of an animal that interrupts or modifies its vital functions. The breeder must pay attention to the health of the animal so that the output can be satisfactory. Here in Tanzania, there are not many diseases affecting pigs, but they occur regularly depending on the age, environment and health of the animal.Diseases bring losses to the breeder as they can cause death, weight loss, lack of blood especially in children and stunting of pigs. Therefore, it is good to prevent them and give information to a veterinary expert…

Dry Cows Management to Reduce Mastitis in the Future

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Hygienic administration is essential, whether you are using antibiotic dry cow tubes, internal teatsealant or both, to prevent bacteria entering the quarter and causing infection. Note: Good hygiene is what will prevent new infections, and what happens at drying off this year will influence theincidence of new mastitis infections next year. REMEMBERWhen infusing the teat sealant, gently pinch the base of the teat closed (where the teat meets the udder) to ensure the teat sealant stays in the teat cistern. KEEP THE TUBESSTERILEDo not immerse syringes in water! If tubes…

How to successfully prevent udder infections after drying off I Mshindo media

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Dry Cow Therapy If you have found that you would say yes to any of these three questions, it would be worth you reviewing the steps of your dry cow management and making the relevant changes. Recent research has found the link between infection during the dry cow period and subsequent clinical mastitis and elevated somatic cell counts (SCC) in early lactation. We have created a list of 10 steps that will help you make the necessary changes to your dry cow management process Assessing body condition score Aim for…

Essential Drugs for Specific Purposes in the livestock treatment

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Drugs for livestock care Drugs are allowed in organic farming as per veterinary recommendations but alternative medicine is preferred. Preventive use of drugs is forbidden and antibiotics can be used a limited times, with a double withdrawal time. Animal health care is still not sufficiently developed that we can keep livestock healthy without veterinary drugs. In Europe and the USA great progress has been made towards the use of homeopathic veterinary medicine which in many instances has shown its applicability to certain health problems. In Africa ethnoveterinary solutions are also commonly used…

Disease Prevention- Definition & Control (Ticks, Wounds, Vaccination)

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Disease prevention is a procedure through which individuals, particularly those with risk factors for a disease, are treated in order to prevent a disease from occurring.  Prevention of diseases is always both better and cheaper than treatment. Treatment normally begins either before signs and symptoms of the disease occur, or shortly thereafter. Even if vaccines and other preventive measures may seem expensive, they are in the long run much cheaper than loosing animals or letting animals suffer and loose condition and buying expensive drugs – not to mention the fees of the vets.…

Animal health promotion, welfare and disease prevention (new)

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Factors influencing animal health and wellbeing Health is a dynamic and ongoing process in all living individuals, which is coping with and responding to all the things we meet in the surrounding, which potentially could influence us. Disease causing germs, parasites and numerous stress factors are present in the lives of both humans and animals. All living organisms have an immune system which should be supported to cope with these germs. All forms of stress and pressure can disturb this.  Organic animal husbandry puts its focus on improving the living conditions…

Abortions Caused by Bacteria (new)

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Abortions Caused by Bacteria: Brucellosis, Salmonella, Leptospirosis, Vibriosis Brucellosis Summary In some countries Brucellosis has been eradicated or brought under control by a programe of blood testing, slaughter and heifer vaccination. However in most parts of East Africa there has been no control or vaccination and Brucellosis is common in both humans and animals.Brucellosis in humans resemble Malaria, and is often mistaken as such unless identified through laboratory testing. Cure of Brucellosis in humans is a very long drawn out and expensive administration of antibiotics and much better avoided by controlling…

Abortion and Stillbirth (new)

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Introduction A very common cause of abortion is Brucellosis, which can also infect humans. Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by the Brucella bacteria. There are many other infectious abortions. But most labs in the country/region routinely only diagnose few causes of abortion other than Brucella (e.g. caused by bacteria or parasites such as Campylobacter, Trichomonas). However, close observation and submitting a full history together with the samples will help alert the lab on the possible involvement of other abortion agents (e.g. Rift Valley Fever). An abortion is referred to as an elective or voluntary abortion…

Epivag I Meaning,Signs &Treatment (new)

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Epivag Common Names: Infectious epididymitis, Cervici-vaginitis A disease characterized by vaginitis in cows and epididymitis in bulls occurs sporadically in eastern and southern Africa, where it is referred to as epivag Epivag is a rare chronic venereal infection of cattle probably caused by a virus. It occurs in East and Southern Africa. In the 1930s the disease was rampant in Eastern and Southern Africa, prompting the creation of the world’s first national AI service to control it in Kenya. It has now become sporadic and reports are unusual.  The infection…

Pyometra | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment (new)

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Pyometra This condition is due to an accumulation of pus in the uterus and can occur after chronic endometritis or may result from the death of an embryo or fetus with subsequent infection by Corynobacterium pyogenes bacteria. The situation may persist undetected for some time and may be confused for pregnancy.  Pyometra is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection of the uterus that causes it to fill with bacteria and pus. Many dogs with a pyometra have vaginal discharge and may feel very sick with a poor appetite, lethargy, vomiting and sometimes increased thirst or…

Endometritis in Dairy Cows Causes,Clinical Signs and Management (new)

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Endometritis This is the inflammation of the endometrium (internal lining and mucus membrane of the uterus). It occurs as a result of an infection by microorganisms. Infection normally occurs during mating or around labour and delivery by such organisms as Campylobacter fetus (See Brucellosis) or Trichomonas fetus (See Leptospirosis) and other opportunistic bacteria like the Corynobacterium pyogenes, E. coli and Fusobacterium necrophorum. Endometritis often occurs following difficult or abnormal labour or delivery and/or retained placenta.  Endometritis is a localized inflammation of uterine wall and usually a cause for bovine infertility.The causal organisms usually reach the uterus at coitus, insemination, parturition…

Anoestrus (new) I Mshindo Media

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Causes of infertility Causes of infertility can be very many. Below some of the more common ones: Anoestrus Anoestrus is a condition where some cows do not show heat signs for a long time after calving. In this case, no ovulation takes place. The condition can be caused by an infection or inflammation of the uterus and underfeeding of the cow, especially with minerals.  Anoestrus. Cows in anoestrus show no heat activity, because the process of follicle development does not lead to ovulation. Anoestrus is normal in the post-partum cow, but most dairy…

Milk fever (new) I Mshindo Media

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Milk fever is a condition of mature dairy cows that occurs a few days before, but mostly immediately after calving. It is common in imported high yielding dairy cows, especially Friesian or Channel Island breeds such as Jersey or Guernsey. Milk fever does not occur in indigenous cows. Milk fever is caused by low calcium levels in the body due to the sudden onset of lactation at calving. The nutritional status of the cow in the dry period is known to influence the risk of the disease. Diets low in dry matter such as lush pastures and diets with high calcium during dry…

Animal Diseases Diagnosis I Mshindo Media (new)

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Introduction – signs of disease Animal disease, an impairment of the normal state of an animal that interrupts or modifies its vital functions. Farmers and pastoralists know that animals are sick when they notice changes in behavior such as refusal to eat, keeping to shady areas, or physical signs such as different breathing, coughing, body swellings and weakness etc. Serious livestock farmers will keep observing their animals on daily basis to make sure no such signs miss their attention. It is important to catch such symptoms at an early stage in order to treat before…

Pig | Definition, Meaning, Description, Breeds,Management & Facts

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Introduction Origin of pigs The pig is one of the oldest domesticated animals. It is found throughout the world especially in regions where there are no social or religious objections to pork consumption. As a young domesticated swine usually is pink or black animal with short legs and not much hair on its skin. Pigs are often kept on farms for their meat, which is called pork, ham, bacon, or gammon. The majority of the breeds we know are descended from the Eurasian Wild Boar (Sus scrofa). Archeological evidence from the Middle East indicates domestication of the pig occurs as early as 9,000 years ago, with some evidence for…

Natural Mediacines for Chickens

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 Alternative veterinary medicine include photon therapy (laser), acupuncture, homeopathy, veterinary manipulative therapy, phytotherapy, integrative nutrition, acupuncture, botanical medicine, chiropractic, homeopathy, massage therapy, and nutraceuticals. Herbal Remedies and Supplements in the Treatment and Prevention of Various Diseases of Poultry. Parts of plants can be: Leaves, Barks, Seeds, Flowers or Fruits.  Importance of using herbal remedies:  • Easily accessible.  • Easy to use.  • Cheap • They treat well if used properly  • They are harmless.  Some Herbicides:  1. Neem (Leaves, Roots, Barks):  It treats the following diseases:  • Typhoid.  • Prevention…

Donkey -Meaning,Breeds, Nutritional & Care

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Introduction The donkey,Equus africanus asinus, is a domesticated member of the Equidae or horse family. The wild ancestor of the donkey is the African Wild Ass, E. africanus. A male donkey is called a jack, a female a jenny, and offspring less than one year old, a foal (male: colt, female filly). While different species of the Equidae family can interbreed, offspring are almost always sterile. Nonetheless, horse/donkey hybrids are popular for their durability and vigor. A mule is the offspring of a jack (male donkey) and a mare (female horse). The much rarer successful mating…